Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-22dnz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T05:52:31.039Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Point prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in ruminants in southern Punjab, Pakistan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2007

Muhammad Asif Raza
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
Zafar Iqbal
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
Abdul Jabbar*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
Muhammad Yaseen
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan

Abstract

The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in ruminants in an irrigated area of lower Punjab (Pakistan). For this purpose, 100 faecal samples were collected from sheep, goats, cattle and buffaloes. Parasitological procedures including direct and indirect methods (sedimentation and floatation) and coproculture were used for the identification of helminths. The overall prevalence of helminthiasis was 51% in cattle, 47% in buffaloes, 62% in sheep and 52% in goats, with nematodes being the most common helminths. The prevalence of helminths was higher in young animals compared with adults in cattle (P < 0.0001), buffaloes (P < 0.0001), sheep (P < 0.059) and goats (P = 0.010). The prevalence of different species of helminths also varied in different age groups, with Toxocara vitulorum being higher in calves than adults both in cattle (P = 0.017) and buffaloes (P < 0.0001). Sex-wise prevalence of helminths was higher in males than females for buffaloes (P < 0.0001) and sheep (P = 0.014) in contrast to cattle and goats.

Type
Research Papers
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahmed, M. & Ansari, J.A. (1987) Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats in Aligarh (India). Indian Veterinary Medical Journal 11, 165170.Google Scholar
Al-Quaisy, H.H.K., Al-Zubaidy, A.J., Altaf, K.I. & Makkiawi, A. (1987) The pathogenicity of haemonchosis in sheep and goats in Iraq. I. Clinical, parasitological and haematological findings. Veterinary Parasitology 24, 221228.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anonymous (2000) District census report of Muzaffargarh (1998). Islamabad, Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan.Google Scholar
Anwar, A.H., Hayat, C.S. & Amir, M.I. (1996) Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis and comparative efficacy of anthelmintics in parasitized buffalo calves. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 16, 160163.Google Scholar
Asanji, M.F. & Williams, M.O. (1987) Variables affecting population dynamics of gastrointestinal helminth parasites of small farm ruminants in Sierra Leone. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production, Africa 35, 308313.Google Scholar
Bali, M.K. & Singh, R.P. (1977) Studies on the prevalence of Haemonchus contortus in sheep and goats in Hissar. Haryana Agriculture University Journal of Research 8, 143148.Google Scholar
Barger, I.A. (1982) Helminth parasites and animal production. pp. 133155in Symons, L.E.A., Donald, A.D. & Dineen, J.K. (Eds) Biology and control of endoparasites. Sydney, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Barnes, E.H. & Dobson, R.J. (1990) Population dynamics of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep: computer model to simulate grazing systems and the evolution of anthelmintic resistance. International Journal for Parasitology 20, 823831.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beveridge, I. & Ford, G.E. (1982) The trichostrongylid parasites of sheep in South Australia and their regional distribution. Australian Veterinary Journal 59, 177179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charles, T.P. (1989) Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes of goats in Pernambuco state, Brazil. Veterinary Parasitology 30, 335343.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Das, K.M. & Singh, G.B. (1955) Calf ascariasis in India. A nine years' survey with special reference to Hetrazan. British Veterinary Journal 111, 342347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dorny, P., Symons, C., Jalila, A., Vercruysse, J. & Sani, R. (1995) Stronglye infections in sheep and goats under the traditional husbandry system in Peninsular Malaysia. Veterinary Parasitology 56, 121136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Moukdad, A.R. (1979) Helminths of cattle in Syria. Angewandte Parasitologie 20, 1116.Google Scholar
El-Sayed, H.M. (1997) Helminth parasites of sheep in Dakahlia Province Egypt. Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 38, 4854.Google Scholar
Enyenihi, U.K. (1969) Pathogenicity of Neoascaris vitulorum infection in calves. Bulletin of Epizootic Diseases, Africa 17, 171178.Google ScholarPubMed
FAO (1974) Pakistan: a livestock sector survey report, No. 32/74/Pak/7. 11 pp. Rome, FAO/World Bank Cooperative program.Google Scholar
Gordon, H.McL. (1953) The epidemiology of helminthosis in sheep in winter-rainfall regions of Australia. I. Preliminary observations. Australian Veterinary Journal 29, 237248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grant, J.L. (1981) The epizootiology of nematode parasites of sheep in a high-rainfall area of Zimbabwe. Journal of South African Veterinary Association 52, 3337.Google Scholar
Gulland, F.M.D. & Fox, M. (1992) Epidemiology of nematode infections of Soay sheep (Ovis aries L.) on St Kilda. Parasitology 105, 481492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, G.C., Joshi, B.P. & Rai, P. (1976) Some aspects of biochemical studies in calf diseases ascaridiasis and scour. Indian Veterinary Journal 53, 436441.Google Scholar
Gupta, R.P., Yadav, C.L. & Chaudhri, S.S. (1987) Epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats in Haryana, India. Veterinary Parasitology 24, 117127.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayat, C.S., Malik, A.A., Anwar, A.H. & Iqbal, Z. (1990) Effect of experimentally induced coccidiosis on some blood parameters and productivity of lambs. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 10, 6062.Google Scholar
Hayat, C.S., Khalid, M., Iqbal, Z. & Akhtar, M. (1999) Haematological and biochemical disturbances associated with Toxocara vitulorum infection in buffalo calves. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 1, 247249.Google Scholar
Hunter, A.G. & Heath, P.J. (1984) Ovine internal parasitism in the Yemen Arab Republic. Tropical Animal Health and Production 16, 95106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hussain, M.Z. & Akram, M. (1967) Host–parasite relationship. I. Studies on the productivity of sheep as affected by haemonchosis. Pakistan Journal of Science 5, 247251.Google Scholar
Iqbal, N.C., Durrani, M.S. & Tariq, A. (1984) The incidence of gastrointestinal parasite in buffalo and cattle of Azad Kashmir. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 4, 6061.Google Scholar
Iqbal, Z., Akhtar, M., Khan, M.N. & Riaz, M. (1993) Prevalence and economic significance of haemonchosis in sheep and goats slaughtered at Faisalabad abattoir. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture and Sciences 30, 5153.Google Scholar
Iqbal, Z., Rasool, G., Hayat, C.S. & Akhtar, M. (1998) Biochemical disturbances associated with haemonchosis in sheep. Agricultural Sciences (Oman) 3, 3539.Google Scholar
Iqbal, Z., Lateef, M., Khan, M.N., Muhammad, G. & Jabbar, A. (2005) Temporal density of trichostrongylid larvae on a communal pasture in a sub-tropical region of Pakistan. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 25, 8791.Google Scholar
Jacquiet, P., Colas, F., Cabaret, J., Dia, M.L., Cheikh, D. & Thiam, A. (1995) Dry reas: an example of seasonal evolution of helminth infection of sheep and goats in southern Moauritania. Veterinary Parasitology 56, 137148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jorgensen, L.T., Leathwick, D.M., Charleston, W.A.G., Godfrey, P.L., Vlassoff, A. & Sutherland, I.A. (1998) Variation between hosts in the developmental success of the free-living stages of trichostrongyle infections of sheep. International Journal for Parasitology 28, 13471352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kates, K.C. (1950) Survival on pasture of free-living stages of some common gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. Proceedings of Helminthological Society, Washington 17, 3958.Google Scholar
Khan, M.Q., Hayat, C.S., Ilyas, M., Hussain, M. & Iqbal, Z. (1988) Effect of haemonchosis on body wieght gain and blood values in sheep. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 8, 6267.Google Scholar
Khan, M.N., Hyat, C.S., Chaudhry, A.H., Iqbal, A. & Hayat, B. (1989) Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth in sheep and goat at Faisalabad abattoir. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 9, 159161.Google Scholar
Knox, D.P. (2000) Development of vaccines against gastrointestinal nematodes. Parasitology 120, S43S61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Komoin, O.C., Zinsstag, J., Pandey, V.S., Fofana, F. & Depo, A.N. (1999) Epidemiology of parasites of sheep in the southern forest zone of Cote d'Ivoire. Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux 52, 3946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lateef, M., Iqbal, Z., Jabbar, A., Khan, M.N. & Akhtar, M.S. (2005) Epidemiology of trichostrongylid nematode infections in sheep under traditional husbandry system in Pakistan. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 7, 596600.Google Scholar
MAFF (1979) Parasitological laboratory techniques. Technical Bulletin No. 18. London, HMSO.Google Scholar
Maqsood, M., Iqbal, Z. & Chaudhry, A.H. (1996) Prevalence and intensity of haemonchosis with reference to breed, sex and age of sheep and goats. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 16, 4143.Google Scholar
McCulloch, B. & Kasimbala, I. (1968) The incidence of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats in Sukumaland, Tanzania. British Veterinary Journal 124, 177195.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MINITAB (2000) MINITAB release 13.1. BCIS Lab., St. Cloud State University, Minnesota, USA.Google Scholar
Mohiuddin, A., Khan, M.M., Mugha, F.A. & Sheikh, M.A. (1984) Taxonomy, incidence and seasonal variation of helminth parasites of sheep and goats of Sind. Pakistan Journal Zoology 16, 2530.Google Scholar
Mondal, M.M., Islam, M.K., Hur, J., Lee, J.H. & Baek, B.K. (2000) Examination of gastrointestinal helminths in livestock grazing in grassland of Bangladesh. The Korean Journal of Parasitology 38, 187190.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mourad, M.I., Abdullah, S.A. & Allowy, T.E. (1985) Comparative study on the gastrointestinal parasitism of cattle and buffalo with special reference to haematological changes at Assiut Governorate. Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 15, 163166.Google Scholar
Ouattara, L. & Dorchies, P. (2001) Gastro-intestinal helminths of sheep and goats in subhumid and sahelian areas of Burkina Faso. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 152, 165170.Google Scholar
Pal, R.N. & Balakrishnan, P. (1987) Prevalence of GIT helminthiasis in cattle in the Andaman island, India. Journal of Andaman Scientific Association 3, 813.Google Scholar
Pal, R.A. & Qayyum, M. (1992) Breed, age and sex-wise distribution of gastro-intestinal helminths of sheep and goats in and around Rawalpindi region. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 12, 6063.Google Scholar
Pandey, V.S., Ndao, M. & Kumar, V. (1994) Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in communal land goats from the highland of Zimbabwe. Veterinary Parasitology 51, 241248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patnaik, M.M. & Pande, B.P. (1963) Notes on the helminthic infestations encountered in one-month-old buffalo calves. Indian Veterinary Journal 40, 128133.Google Scholar
Pino, L.A., Morales, G., Perdomo, L. & Aldana, E. (1988) The epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in arid zones of Venezuela. Turrialba 38, 1318.Google Scholar
Radostits, O.M., Blood, D.C. & Gay, C.C. (1994) Diseases caused by helminth parasites. pp. 12231230in Veterinary medicine: A text book of diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses. 8th edn. London, Ballière Tindall.Google Scholar
Rajapakse, R.P.V.J., Lloyd, S. & Fernando, S.T. (1994) The effect of serum and colostrum immunoglobulins from buffaloes infected with Toxocara vitulorum on T. vitulorum larvae in vitro and in vivo in mice. Parasitology Research 80, 426430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, J.A. (1990) The egg production of Toxocara vitulorum in Asian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). International Journal for Parasitology 37, 113120.Google ScholarPubMed
Sajid, M.S., Anwar, A.H., Iqbal, Z., Khan, M.N. & Qudoos, A. (1999) Some epidemiological aspects of gastro-intestinal nematodes of sheep. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 1, 306308.Google Scholar
Shah, M., Hussain, S.A. & Siddiqui, I.D. (1980) Incidence of gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep slaughtered in Municipal corporation abattoir, Lahore. Journal of Animal Health and Production 1, 7275.Google Scholar
Siddiqi, M.N. & Ashraf, M. (1980) Helminthiasis in goat slaughtered in the abattoirs of Peshwar. NWFP. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 1, 6475.Google Scholar
Soulsby, E.J.L. (1982) Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domestic animals. 7th edn. London, Baillière Tindall and Cassel Ltd.Google Scholar
Specht, E.J.K. (1982) Seasonal incidence of helminths in sheep and goats in South Mozambique. Veterinary Parasitology 11, 317328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Starke, W.A., Machado, R.Z., Honer, M.R. & Zocoller, M.C. (1983) Natural course of gastrointestinal helminthic infections in buffaloes in Andradina County (SP), Brazil. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 40, 758762.Google Scholar
Stear, M.J., Bairden, K., Bishop, S.C., Gettinby, G., McKellar, Q.A., Park, M., Strain, S. & Wallace, D.S. (1998) The processes influencing the distribution of parasitic nematodes among naturally infected lambs. Parasitology 117, 165171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, S.M. & Cawthorne, R.J.G. (1972) Species of gastrointestinal helminths of lambs in Northern Iceland. Journal of Helminthology 46, 285290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terblanches, H.I.J. (1979) Trials with febental to determine the effect on breeding ewes and their offspring. Veterinary Medicine Review 79, 118125.Google Scholar
Valcárcel, F. & García Romero, C. (1999) Prevalence and seasonal pattern of caprine trichostrongyles in a dry area of central Spain. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 6, 673.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Aken, D., De Bont, J., Vercruysse, J. & Dorny, P. (1990) Gastrointestinal nematode infections in a goat breeding farm in North-Western Sri Lanka. Tropical Animal Health and Production 22, 231–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vercruysse, J. (1983) A survey of seasonal changes in nematodes faecal egg count levels of sheep and goats in Senegal. Veterinary Parasitology 13, 239244.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed